One of the major challenges facing modern agriculture is transforming agricultural systems to support food security in a context of global change. Agriculture must both adapt to climate change and reduce its greenhouse gas emissions. Reducing the agricultural carbon footprint requires the development of agroecological practices and environmentally friendly processes for biomass conversion, co-product valorization, and waste treatment.

Understanding the synergies between agroecology and the bioeconomy by focusing on the following topics:

• The adaptation of crop species to climate change: phenotypic plasticity in the face of rapid environmental change, the role of genotype x environment interactions, soil physical properties, soil microbial communities, practices, and the holobiont in yield stability.
• The ecological role of crop diversification, and new scientific advances in soil biodiversity, plant-plant and plant-soil interactions, and associated ecosystem services.
• The main eco-technologies for waste recycling and biomass conversion that are conducive to the development of agroecology and new sectors (bio-inputs and biocontrol agents, plant proteins, bioenergy, biomolecules, indoor farming, etc.).
• Agro-mechanization and new technologies for low-carbon, low-greenhouse gas emissions agriculture.
• A holistic approach combining agroecology and the bioeconomy for resilient agricultural systems and value chains (ESR model: Efficiency – Substitution – Redesign) based on recycling and self-sufficiency for crop fertilization and renewable energy production.

This combination is based on the association of low- and high-tech functional innovations that require a multi-criteria assessment of crop and livestock farming systems to reduce their energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions and improve ecosystem health. The combination of agroecology and the circular bioeconomy is an important lever to be mobilized to improve ecosystem services at the soil-plant-atmosphere interface and agricultural sustainability at the territorial level.